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Wednesday, August 26, 2020
The Difference Between Ancient China and Egypt
Old China and Egypt By: Jessica Isham Ancient Egypt and Ancient China were 2 of the greatest human advancements a huge number of years prior. Both left its effect on history, they had numerous comparable convictions, and various lifestyles. They had various rulers, religions, dialects and types of cash. The two civic establishments have various rulers. China is administered by rulers and realms, and Egypt their kin by pharos. In Egypt their kin didnââ¬â¢t live as long so they had much more pharos. Chinaââ¬â¢s then again, carried on much more. Along these lines, subsequently Chinese rulers and domains were around longer.The religion of antiquated Egypt was polytheistic and fixated on the holiness of the ruler and the unending length of time of the spirit. The Chinese were polytheistic with the expansion of progenitor venerate. After some time, these convictions were in some cases mixed with Taoism, Buddhism or Confucianism. The two of them likewise had various convictions. Egypt accepted when individuals passes, in the event that they were protected than they may have an existence in the wake of death. The Egyptians would place the dead embalmed individuals in strong gold caskets and occupied the entombment live with odd fortunes. China had confidence in the internment strategy as well.They would cover the Chinese individuals in the ground and pour water on them, at that point put them in a hanging casket. The Chinese additionally had confidence in incineration, were they consume the body into remains. The antiquated Egyptians accepted that most non-physical illnesses were brought about by spells and reviles. In general medicines included special necklaces, mixtures and medical procedure relying upon what wasn't right. Chinese medication depended on the possibility of the parity of the energies yin and yang. Sickness was the consequence of an unevenness and was treated with herbs, needle therapy and exercises.The Chinese were for the most part in front of the remainder of their timespan. They utilized cowrie shells and metal beans for cash. They likewise had paper cash and coins. The Egyptians exchanged merchandise and enterprises. The two developments made their own dialects. Egypt had symbolic representations that were dated from 3400 BC. Symbolic representations are a conventional composing framework that contained a blend of logographic and an alphabetic components. China had a language called Man'yogana. Man'yogana is an antiquated composing framework that utilizes Chinese characters to speak to the Japanese language.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Concept Of Power Between Legitimate And Illegitimate â⬠Free Samples
Question: Talk about the Concept Of Power Between Legitimate And Illegitimate. Answer: The creators stressed on the idea of intensity and depicts that why it possesses a flat out situation in the general public. In such manner, the points of view of the old Athenians were talked about which recognizes genuine and ill-conceived power. A case of Machiavellis the Prince has been outlined where people can observer power as mastery and control where the Prince effectively deals with the general public by using both real and ill-conceived power. It is important to make reference to here that since days of yore, power has been adequately applied by the general public towards the people. As indicated by Hobbes, there is a progression of intensity from society to person. In Nietzsches viewpoint power is considered as the ability to characterize reality. Notwithstanding, Lukes called attention to that force is a basically challenged idea. Wittgenstein anyway underscored on ideas of family similarity so as to characterize power as a social marvel. In the main part Gerhard Gohler acquainted the qualification between power with and control over which stimulated from the differentiation made by Aristotle concerning genuine and ill-conceived power. Different irregularities were seen in the qualification between power toand control over. In this manner, Gohler supplanted them with transitive and intransitive. In the subsequent section, Keith Dowding stressed that organization and situational advantage is an orderly quality inside the discerning decision hypothesis. In this way, he applied the idea of intensity so as to defeat the allegation that sane decision hypothesis is absolutely founded on operator driven point of view. In Chapter 3, Peter Morriss exhibited that how an away from of intensity is basic in characterizing the authenticity inside the liberal custom. In Chapter 4, by utilizing the techniques for similar political human science, Charles Tilly analyzed the use of intensity files in comprehending levels of majority rul es system and political soundness. In Chapter 5, Rob Stones concentrated on the comprehension of intensity inside the system of structuration hypothesis which was created by Anthony Giddens. In Chapter 6, the working of intensity in talk hypothesis has been clarified by Jacob Torfing. In Chapter 7, centered that how systems are helpful in establishing textures of intensity. In the Chapters 8 and 9, the points of view of various researchers have been considered with the development of another topography of intensity. Saskia Sassen cautions the perusers about the covering blend of spaces and times as the sign of the worldwide. Be that as it may, Allen focused on the pretended by private value courses of action. In Chapter 10, Sir Isaiah Berlin gave differentiation among positive and negative freedom. The questionable arrangement advancement has been depicted which has direct mediation with the native networks of Australia. In this Chapter the conversation of intensity out of nowhere m oves towards the idea of traditional freedom. The creators expressed that so as to be liberated from power it is imperative to increase supreme freedom. In Chapter 11, Nigel Rapport reasoned that how the focal addressing administering the idea of intensity is identified with the significance of oneself. He told power is basic as it helps in comprehension and tending to the legislative issues of character. In Chapter 12, Fredrick Engelstad remarked that the idea of intensity is seen from social point of view within the sight of different interpretational modes which impacts the social conduct of people. In Chapter 13, Gramscis venture on authority began and in this way formed looked into intuition on power in another manner. In Chapter 14, the exemplary Weberian account that oversees the connection among force and authority is rethought. In Chapter 15, basic ideas of intensity developed out of the Community Power Debate. Be that as it may, in Chapter 16 of intensity was applied was applied to the new rising idea of women's liberation and their conversations comparable to race, sex, class and sexuality. In Chapter 17, the creators shared their points of view on Machiavellian, Nietzscheian and Foucauldian so as to characterize the record of intensity. The creators David Courpasson and Franoise Dany exhibited on the way that force and opposition are not really ill-conceived exercises. Kev in Ryan in Chapter 19 investigated that how the relations of intensity are comprised. Section 20 concentrated on key social viewpoint on the state-power nexus. In Chapter 21 it was noted by Phil Cerny with respect to neo-pragmatist point of view that so as to comprehend the issues of world legislative issues it is critical to concentrate on the force looking for activities of the state just as on state on-screen characters. It has been at long last presumed that force is an applied instrument which is anything but a solitary quintessence; it is forever challenged.
Friday, August 14, 2020
Two Truths and a Lie
Two Truths and a Lie If youve never played two truths and a lie before, all you have to do is guess which of the three things Im about to say is a lie: 1. I am Iron Man. 2. MIT Isnât all happy days and sprinkles. 3. MIT kids are perfect. Go ahead, take your pick and then read below for the answers. Truth isâ¦I am Iron Man. Well, not really. Not yet. But I could be. You could be too. Or you could be something else. Its up to you to decide and no one can tell you otherwise. Anyways, itâs great to meet you, unknown MIT Admissions Blog reader! (Feel free to comment or shoot an email to be less unknown!). You probably have a passion for science and technology that shines in your everyday life. Or you could be passionate about the artsâ¦or sports, or dance, or writing, or anything else. You might be having a bad day, or you could be having a great day. It could even be your birthday today, in which case HAPPY BIRTHDAY! Truth is, I have no idea who you are or what youâre like, but Iâm here to welcome you and tell you who I am and what Iâm like. So, welcome to MIT. Welcome to the party. I fell out of my parents nest in New Jersey and flew (literally) to MIT. The plane ride was only 30 minutes, so rather than watching 1/4th of a movie, I started thinking as I looked out the airplane window down onto the earth. I thought about my parents. Theyâre so proud of me. First generation Latino and the first from my school to be accepted to MIT. Itâs more than just motivation. Itâs conviction. My mom, my dad, my three younger brothers, my grandparents, my high school teachers, my friends, and my mentors all contributed to make me who I am today. Now, I was being thrown into this boxing ring called MIT where I would pit myself against the world. Half hour passed, I got off the giant winged mechanical beast that brought me to a new world, and I rode in the backseat of a lesser sized yellow overpriced mini beast until I arrived at MIT. I checked into my room at Simmons, got my MIT ID from the Student center, and proceeded to explore this mysterious jungl e known as MIT. I wish I had a fedora and a whip (props if you have them on your first day). Im loving it! I started my FPOP (Freshman Pre-Orientation Program) the next day and over the course of a week, I worked in a group with two other amazing MIT students (including another *ahem* MIT blogger Vincent Anioke) to make a Lego robot. Behold Wall-Eâs ancestor!! After FPOP week was orientation week. After orientation week was rush week. After rush week was the first full week of classes. This week is career fair week. (Am I spelling week correctly? Week is starting to sound weird after saying week so many times.) Truth isâ¦being at MIT isnât all happy days, sprinkles, and quesadillas (scratch that, there actually are a lot of quesadillas here). Unfortunately, no matter how many quesadillas MIT has to offer, things can and do go wrong. Itâs a law that holds truer than the Law of Conservation of Energy. Itâs called Murphyâs Law, which states that anything that can go wrong, will go wrong. Luckily, there is a much lesser known law which states that every bad thing that happens has a positive outlook, but only if you want it to. Example â" If I have my key in my pocket and it is the first day Iâm at MIT, then I lose my key and have to buy a new one. Counter I got a really nice lanyard from a free event that said MIT Alumni so now not only will I not lose my key again, but now some people mistake me for a grad student :D Example â" If we happen to be going to the beach early on a specific day, my alarm clock will decide to not work on that day and I will be left with an unused bottle of sunblock. Counter I saved money on sunblock and spent the afternoon at the Media Lab building connections for potential UROPs. Example â" If itâs the first day of my first year of college classes, I will get up nice and early but I will have misplaced my MIT ID and not only miss out on breakfast but be late to my first college class. Counter Now I know to keep my MIT ID in my wallet at all times and I leave for class at least 15 minutes before the hour (I live in Simmons, a fairly decently walk). In short: the glass could be half empty, but you could easily just, like, pour more water in. I mean, thats what glasses are for. Lie isâ¦MIT Kids are perfect. Weâre not perfect. Weâre not machines. Weâre not Terminators or Watsons or iRobots. Believe it or not, MIT kids are human beings. Go ahead and open one up â" we have the same blood and fleshy guts that you do (donât actually do that, just take my word for it). People have faults. Noone is better then everyone else at everything. But once youâre here, it doesnât matter how smart you are or what version of physics or math you take. All that matters is how much you want to learn and what youâre willing to do to learn. MIT has its way of making you think outside the box and pound your head with the nearest frying pan until you have a Eureka moment where life and the universe suddenly makes sense. Youll get this a lot from doing PSets. Those moments are so unique and life-changing that I even documented how I felt during my first one: It is now 4am and I just finished my first PSet. Everyone in my PSet group was so happy to have finished that we were LITERALLY laughing with merry that within in a few minutes, we would be in our beds. It took 6 hours but now we have a complete conceptual understanding of circular motion, Cartesian-polar coordinate conversions, and centripetal/tangential velocity definitions and equations. We felt like we were in Newtonâs head, rediscovering all the discoveries of the past. But rather than the quick jolt of pain Newton felt when an apple felt on his head (which never actually happened), our pain was in the form of a long, slow, suffering sleep deprivation with intervals of short bursts of energy when our body believed that sleep was no longer necessary for human functions. tl;dr We felt like this: And there you have it. Two truths and a lie. Thanks for playing. Sincerely, Erick
Sunday, May 24, 2020
Change Management Literature Review - 4782 Words
Coverpage, table of contents, appendences Introduction With our main research question we aim at exploring the importance of effective change management and the characteristics of a successful change management program in a hospital. The main research question can be formulated as: To what extend is change management necessary and how can it most efficiently be implemented in a hospital? By understanding the importance of effective change management we can facilitate our commitment to the development of a successful change management program. By gaining insight into the different factors that can contribute to successful change management, we can guide the design of an appropriate change management program. In the following pages, itâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦However, change can be a risky process that can have negative, instead of positive, consequences for the companyââ¬â¢s future. In fact, it has been estimated that only about half of the large scale interventions succeed. With the above in mind Bruch, Gerber and Maier (2005) aimed at identifying the characteristics of a successful strategic change program by using the case of German aviation Group Deutsche Lufthansa. Lufthansa succeeded several times in successfully implementing change, as a response to the turbulent aviation market conditions between 1991 and 2004. Lufthansaââ¬â¢s last, and most succe ssful, strategic change program was the D-Check. Part of what made D-Check so successful was the fact that Lufthansaââ¬â¢s management made a distinction between leading decisions and managing decisions. Leading decision deals with conceiving a clear goal ââ¬â in other words, what would be right. Managing decision deals with finding the way to achieve the goal ââ¬â in other words, how do we do it right. Therefore, before implementing change a company should clearly and conclusively resolve the issue of what change would be right and how can be done right. Key questions are the following: What change is right for our situation?: The change program should be adapted to the company and its particular business situation. What is the central focus?: Clear priorities/focal points should be defined in order to overcome excessive complexity andShow MoreRelatedLeadership Culture : A Review Essay1674 Words à |à 7 Pages Leadership Culture: A Review of the Literature Dallas Benson Liberty University ââ¬Æ' Abstract Culture represents the informal set of attitudes, beliefs, goals, norms understandings, and values that provide both a sense of identity and purpose to an organization. Research into the influences of management on corporate culture include insights from a variety of fields to include business, economics, politics, psychology, and sociology. This review examines the literature on organization design andRead MoreA Study On Refining Organizational Training Essay951 Words à |à 4 Pagescapabilities is at the core front of any organization. This capstone literature review plan focuses on refining organizational training research, demonstrating an understanding of current organizational environment and limitations, and how the capstone project can fit in the global context of training. II. Describe a plan to collect and organize literature that explains the history of the topic. This capstone project literature review will consist of historic and present studies of employee trainingRead MoreEvaluation Of A Project On Training Curriculum Development1198 Words à |à 5 PagesI. INTRODUCTION This capstone project literature review intends among others things, to refine the research ideas, demonstrate awareness of the current state of knowledge on training curriculum development, its limitations and how the research fits in the context of a learning organization. This research process makes a good starting point for the capstone project. The research uses evidence from conceptual theories to database research literature from several learning organizations training Read MoreTransformational Leadership1196 Words à |à 5 Pagesand its effectiveness in nursing management. Transformational leadership is a newer leadership style that has just recently been implemented amongst managers and peers. Transformational leadership is effective when dealing with conflict. This paper will identify ways that transformational leadership can be used. Transformational Leadership Transformational leadership is described as a person who has the ability to make followers into leaders and promote change (Roussel Swansburg, 2009). TransformationalRead MoreThe Effect Of Internal Controls On Corporate Governance Associated With The Revelations Of Internal Control Material Weaknesses And Their Subsequent Remediation812 Words à |à 4 PagesArticle Critique #1 The first article researched was Changes in Corporate Governance Associated with the Revelation of Internal Control Material Weaknesses and Their Subsequent Remediation. The abstract discusses the problems associated with the lack of internal controls within a company. Additionally, the abstract discusses how fraud and material weaknesses can occur without the implementation of the proper internal controls. Johnstone, Li, and Rupley (2011) disclose that internal controlsRead MoreSustaining or Institutionalizing Change1195 Words à |à 5 PagesSustaining change Sustaining or Institutionalization change is making change permanent part of the organization and internalization is stabilization of change. (P Subba Rao). Gains made from change are lost from the abandonment of new practices is call initiative decay (Buchanan et al., 1999, Doyle et al., 2000). So strategy on how to sustain the changes made is a crucial element in change management process. But relatively little research has been carried out on the issue of sustainability. MostRead MoreUse Of Strategic Risk Management Procedures Essay1252 Words à |à 6 Pagesis to investigate if the use of strategic Risk Management procedures can assist to minimise the impact of FinTech in financial services practices? Technology is ever changing and adapting, we have sped past Mooreââ¬â¢s Law which stated ââ¬Å"That the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every two yearsâ⬠that technology is be ever evolving (Brock and Moore, 2006). No more so than i n the world of finance and wealth management. No other area than this new paradigm has attractedRead MoreSocial Leadership, Global Management, And Millennial Leadership Essay1167 Words à |à 5 PagesChapter Two In this chapter, it will provide an overview of the literature that has been included in this proposed study. The literature used in this chapter was developed and reviewed by various articles, books, magazines, website journals, and peer reviewed articles on management, mentoring, global leadership, global management, and millennial leadership. The gaps in literature within this study were based on literature that was used between 1999 and present. The conceptual framework used in thisRead MoreThe Theory Of Organizational Change1450 Words à |à 6 PagesLiterature Synthesis The idea of change can alarm any system and lead to unexpected reactions from the members associated with the system. As the change begins to be implemented, these uncertainties intensify and can lead to crisis. This phenomenon becomes even more crucial when the system involves an organization with leaders and those members with non-managerial responsibilities. When change is being implemented within an organization by its leaders, the consequences of it can be underestimatedRead MoreProcedural Justice And Job Satisfaction Of Nursing Employees1523 Words à |à 7 Pagesunexpected; the Ghanaian nationals responded favorably to distributive and procedural justice. The authorsââ¬â¢ foreknowledge on interactional justice revealed the envisioned thoughtfulness and awareness among Ghanaians. Along the lines of preceding literature review, Elma (2013) probed organizational justice and its relationship with workersââ¬â¢ attitudes and apprehensions with regards to work and job satisfaction among primary school teachers. The study ascertained that interactional justice and procedural
Wednesday, May 13, 2020
The Real Estate Development And Other Investment...
Research Methodology The chapter contains the methodology which would be employed for the study that focused on the real estate development and other investment multipronged implication to the sustenance of rural livelihood analysis of Dukem town. To performed the study, the researcher design the descriptive or explanatory approach entirely focused both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect primary as well as secondary data using interviews, questionnaire, FGD, observation and expert panel discussions. 3.1-Research Design A qualitative research approach, supplement with a questionnaire survey was predominantly adopted for the purpose of this research. Qualitative research was mainly used because it helps to explore, explain andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Both primary and secondary sources of data were used in the research. 3.2.1-Research Techniques The study would apply the techniques such as questionnaire, interview, FGD, expert panel discussion, observation and photographs in a flexible appropriate and economical. Questionnaires To collected primary data during the study, the structured questionnaires are prepared in English and translated into Afan Oromo (the local language) and Amharic language for the local people to understand the questionnaires and then translated back to English for analysis The questionnaires are both closed and open ended type to get more information in relation to the research objectives which was categorized in to three types, evicted households, not evicted but would be evicted in the near future and not evicted but would not be evicted in the near future or in the medium term are those included in the researches. Interview Depth interview was conducted to produces more flexible information. This was with professional from Mayor, Municipal, land management office, Investment office, Oromia central office of development-induced Dukem office, urban agricultural office, housing development office at Bishoftu and the developers in Dukem town. FGD FGD would beShow MoreRelatedDukem Town : A Description Of The Study Area738 Words à |à 3 PagesThesis The research will be organized in a way that the first chapter focuses on the introductory parts of the study, the second chapter provide the review of literatures on the issue under discussion about the real estate development and other investment projects multipronged implication on the sustenance of the rural livelihood in the Dukem town, the third chapter describe the methodology used to investigate in the study, chapter four is about the finding and interpretation of the study and theRead MoreChapter Three. 3-Research Methodology . The Chapter Contains1484 Words à |à 6 Pages CHAPTER THREE 3-Research Methodology The chapter contains the methodology which will be employee for the study that focuses on the real estate development and other investment multipronged implication to the sustenance of rural livelihood analysis of Dukem town. To do the study, the researcher design the descriptive approach which entirely focuses on both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect primary as well as secondary dataRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesVaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: Integra Software Services Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Cover Printer: Coral Graphics Text Font: 10/12 Weidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright à © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Buddhistsââ¬â¢ religious beliefs with regard to health and healthcare Free Essays
Buddhism is considered as both a philosophy and a religion involving a number of practices, beliefs and traditions based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, commonly referred to as Buddha ââ¬â ââ¬Å"the awakened oneâ⬠. Buddha, who lived in the northeastern part of India in the 6th and the 4th centuries BCE, taught about dukkha (helping the sentient beings escape suffering), achievement of nirvana as well as about escaping what Buddhists believe, is the cycle of suffering and rebirth. The religion has got two branches ââ¬â the Theravada and the Mahayana (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhistsââ¬â¢ religious beliefs with regard to health and healthcare or any similar topic only for you Order Now While these two branches enjoy a widespread following across Asian countries, Buddhism has grown tremendously over the centuries and can now be found in every part of the world. Considered one of the world largest religions, the current estimates by different sources put the followers of Buddha at about 1. 5 to 1. 6 billion people. The understanding of ill health by westerners and Buddhists is similar but the latter group lays more emphasis on having a balance interaction between the body and the mind and also between life and the environment as the source of good health. According to Buddhists, when this balance is upset, illness would arise. In correcting such imbalances, the Buddhistsââ¬â¢ practices stress the need for a spiritual strength couple with an overriding sense of purpose in life which is based on a compassionate service for others (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). According to Buddhists, this does not only make it possible for a person to create value even when faced with the severest of adversities like sickness or disease but enables one to learn from the experience for his or her personal growth. Since Buddhists believe in rebirth, human birth is considered as the start of a highly precious opportunity. To them, it is a unique occurrence since it presents an opportunity for the full development of human mind as well as realization of the compassion. With regard to conception, Buddhists believe that a child is conceived when consciousness merges with an already fertilized egg. It is then therefore that life begins. It is for this that Buddhists permit birth control methods that prevent conception but prohibit abortion. Death in Buddhism is an important occurrence and is viewed as a transition to the next life. A lot of spiritual energy is devoted to death and there are practices that must be observed to provide peace for the dying people. According to the Buddhists, death occurs in stages which involve disintegration of lifeââ¬â¢s physical elements into various subtle elements which culminates into the disappearance of the consciousness from the body (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). Because when a person dies peacefully he or she would have high chances of a better rebirth, Buddhists strive to composed and calm the mind of the dying person through prayers and some special texts. Buddhism is a religion full of rituals that are geared towards promoting health. The Theravada Buddhists are known to burn the bodies of the dead. Because the body of the Buddha was cremated, this group of Buddhists practices this ritual in every part of the world. When a person is dying, monks are invited to comfort him or her. Prayers and verses are said to them to prepare them for their peaceful death. The bodies are then burn upon death (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). A major conflict between Buddhism religious beliefs and the popular medical culture is on the bioethical decision making. While Buddhists uphold life and consider it sacred and therefore everyone should continue to live as much as possible, they do not believed that this should be promoted at all cost (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). For example, Buddhists have little regard for the life support machines which they consider useless when the mind is no longer conscious. Being conscious and feeling less pain are the two basic factors that determine when a person should die according to Buddhists. Once the conditions are extreme, Buddhists believed that it would be appropriate to die and therefore a natural and peaceful death would be much in order. In conclusion, it is clear that the views on health by Buddhists and the modern medicine are quite incompatible. However, they can be used to complement each other. An understating of the Buddhistsââ¬â¢ perspective on health and healthcare may serve to widen the scope of the modern medicine through adoption of the rich philosophies of Buddhists on health and life. References Coward, H. G. Rattanakun, P. eds (1999). A cross-cultural dialogue on health care ethics, Wilfrid Laurier University Press: Toronto. How to cite Buddhistsââ¬â¢ religious beliefs with regard to health and healthcare, Papers
Buddhistsââ¬â¢ religious beliefs with regard to health and healthcare Free Essays
Buddhism is considered as both a philosophy and a religion involving a number of practices, beliefs and traditions based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, commonly referred to as Buddha ââ¬â ââ¬Å"the awakened oneâ⬠. Buddha, who lived in the northeastern part of India in the 6th and the 4th centuries BCE, taught about dukkha (helping the sentient beings escape suffering), achievement of nirvana as well as about escaping what Buddhists believe, is the cycle of suffering and rebirth. The religion has got two branches ââ¬â the Theravada and the Mahayana (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhistsââ¬â¢ religious beliefs with regard to health and healthcare or any similar topic only for you Order Now While these two branches enjoy a widespread following across Asian countries, Buddhism has grown tremendously over the centuries and can now be found in every part of the world. Considered one of the world largest religions, the current estimates by different sources put the followers of Buddha at about 1. 5 to 1. 6 billion people. The understanding of ill health by westerners and Buddhists is similar but the latter group lays more emphasis on having a balance interaction between the body and the mind and also between life and the environment as the source of good health. According to Buddhists, when this balance is upset, illness would arise. In correcting such imbalances, the Buddhistsââ¬â¢ practices stress the need for a spiritual strength couple with an overriding sense of purpose in life which is based on a compassionate service for others (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). According to Buddhists, this does not only make it possible for a person to create value even when faced with the severest of adversities like sickness or disease but enables one to learn from the experience for his or her personal growth. Since Buddhists believe in rebirth, human birth is considered as the start of a highly precious opportunity. To them, it is a unique occurrence since it presents an opportunity for the full development of human mind as well as realization of the compassion. With regard to conception, Buddhists believe that a child is conceived when consciousness merges with an already fertilized egg. It is then therefore that life begins. It is for this that Buddhists permit birth control methods that prevent conception but prohibit abortion. Death in Buddhism is an important occurrence and is viewed as a transition to the next life. A lot of spiritual energy is devoted to death and there are practices that must be observed to provide peace for the dying people. According to the Buddhists, death occurs in stages which involve disintegration of lifeââ¬â¢s physical elements into various subtle elements which culminates into the disappearance of the consciousness from the body (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). Because when a person dies peacefully he or she would have high chances of a better rebirth, Buddhists strive to composed and calm the mind of the dying person through prayers and some special texts. Buddhism is a religion full of rituals that are geared towards promoting health. The Theravada Buddhists are known to burn the bodies of the dead. Because the body of the Buddha was cremated, this group of Buddhists practices this ritual in every part of the world. When a person is dying, monks are invited to comfort him or her. Prayers and verses are said to them to prepare them for their peaceful death. The bodies are then burn upon death (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). A major conflict between Buddhism religious beliefs and the popular medical culture is on the bioethical decision making. While Buddhists uphold life and consider it sacred and therefore everyone should continue to live as much as possible, they do not believed that this should be promoted at all cost (Coward Rattanakun, 1999). For example, Buddhists have little regard for the life support machines which they consider useless when the mind is no longer conscious. Being conscious and feeling less pain are the two basic factors that determine when a person should die according to Buddhists. Once the conditions are extreme, Buddhists believed that it would be appropriate to die and therefore a natural and peaceful death would be much in order. In conclusion, it is clear that the views on health by Buddhists and the modern medicine are quite incompatible. However, they can be used to complement each other. An understating of the Buddhistsââ¬â¢ perspective on health and healthcare may serve to widen the scope of the modern medicine through adoption of the rich philosophies of Buddhists on health and life. References Coward, H. G. Rattanakun, P. eds (1999). A cross-cultural dialogue on health care ethics, Wilfrid Laurier University Press: Toronto. How to cite Buddhistsââ¬â¢ religious beliefs with regard to health and healthcare, Papers
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